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Check out the NEW Functional Neurological
Disorder (FND) Formulation Tool

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND):

FND describes neurological symptoms like limb weakness, tremor, numbness or blackouts, related to the movement and sensation parts of the nervous system…..

  • Caused by a PROBLEM with the FUNCTIONING of the nervous system
  • A “software” issue of the brain, not the hardware (as in stroke or MS)
  • With positive diagnostic features typical of FND
  • Cause day to day difficulties for the person who experiences them

Functional Neurological Symptoms are:

Troublesome symptoms that someone wishes to understand without necessarily having a ‘disorder’ are called functional neurological symptoms, and this site is for you too.

FND and functional neurological symptoms are surprisingly common but can be difficult for patients and health professionals to understand.

This website, written by a neurologist with a special interest in these problems, aims to give you a better understanding of these symptoms. It has no advertising and is free. I hope you find it useful.


Professor Jon Stone
– Consultant Neurologist, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh and University of Edinburgh, UK

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DISCLAIMER: Please do not attempt to diagnose yourself or others using this website. The diagnosis of FND and of functional neurological symptoms can be difficult and depends on having experience and knowledge of different neurological problems. This is not a website about ALL neurological conditions. The views of this website are those of the author alone and not those of NHS Lothian, The University of Edinburgh, Scottish Government or CogniHealth.
Symptoms

Most people with FND have more than one symptom. Read about individual symptoms here…

Read more
Causes

Brain imaging and other clinical studies are starting to show us “how” and “why” the nervous system goes wrong in people with FND.

Read more
Treatment

Treatment for FND is all about rehabilitation, understanding the condition and learning to retrain your brain to make it work better again.

Read more

Patient & Professional Organisations

The charities for FND provide a vital and unique voice for patients, run by patients and volunteers. Health professionals and FND groups are working together to advocate for the condition

About the Author

Jon Stone

Jon Stone (Professor)

MBChB FRCP PhD

Consultant Neurologist (NHS Lothian) & Honorary Professor in Neurology (UoE)

Since I started this site in 2009 I have tried to keep a low profile! This site is about functional neurological disorders and symptoms not me. But I realise that readers need to know where this information comes from.

I am a Neurologist in Edinburgh, Scotland. I have been involved in research in this area with my colleague Alan Carson in Edinburgh and other colleagues across the UK and world since 1999. Our research has mostly been about describing the clinical features of functional neurological disorders and their treatment. We are driven by a desire to improve knowledge, understanding and attitudes towards functional disorders.

You can read about my research group and see my publications at my University of Edinburgh site – here

Jon Stone

I tweet about FND @jonstoneneuro
I’m sorry but I cannot undertake email correspondence with patients, I do not accept NHS referrals from
outside Scotland and do not carry out private work. I do hope that the information in this website is useful
to you.